The mass media in Ethiopia consist of radio, television and the Internet, which remain under the control of the Ethiopian government, as well as private newspapers and magazines. In comparison to the length of Ethiopia's over-2,000-year history as a sovereign nation, the media is a very recent phenomenon.
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Ten radio broadcast stations, eight AM and two shortwave, are licensed to operate in Ethiopia. The major radio broadcasting stations include Radio Ethiopia, Radio Fana (or "Torch") a private station, Radio Voice of One Free Ethiopia, and the Voice of the Revolution of Tigray. The only terrestrial (broadcast) television networks are government owned and include Ethiopian Television (24 hours of broadcast) and other regional stations ( i.e. Addis TV, TV Oromiyaa, Amhara TV). In keeping with government policy, radio broadcasts occur in a variety of languages including Amharic, Afaan Oromo, Tigrigna, and more. There are also many video sharing websites which are a popular way of getting information as well as entertainment in Ethiopia.
Satellite television has been very popular in Ethiopia for many years, with people often watching foreign channels in English and Arabic due to the lack of choice in the Ethiopian Television industry. For many years the only private satellite channel in Ethiopia was EBS TV (established in 2008). However, starting in 2016 a number of new satellite channels serving the Ethiopian market started broadcasting in the main local language of Amharic. Many of these new channels focused on infotainment, as this type of programming had been for the most part lacking in the past. Most popular of these channels being Kana TV, who focused on providing dubbed foreign dramas, very popular in Ethiopia, to their audiences.
Print media, because of high poverty levels, low literacy rates, and poor distribution outside of the capital, serve only a small portion of the population. The paucity of distribution is mirrored by a scarcity of diversity in the official press. Since the end of the Ethiopian Civil War private newspapers and magazines have started to appear, and this sector of the media market, despite heavy-handed regulation from the government and the ups and downs of Ethiopia's economy, continues to grow. Despite increasing pressure from the current government at home, the much more affluent and cosmopolitan Ethiopian diaspora abroad has helped further the cause for a free press in Ethiopia, and has also catered to its many extranational communities with news services (both online and off) in both Amharic and English.
When the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) came to power in 1991, one of their first acts was to give the Ethiopian media far more freedoms than it had previously experienced, ending the censorship that had prevailed for decades under both the Derg and the imperial regime, these rights have since been reneged gradually, in particular since the elections in 2005. Despite this liberalization, the relationship between the EPRDF and the private press has been one of deep mistrust. Clampdowns on the private press occurred regularly in the 1990s, with the arrest of dozens of journalists who were accused of publishing false information, or violating other provisions of the 1992 press law. This law allowed government authorities to detain journalists without charge. According to Human Rights Watch, the high point of freedom for Ethiopian media was in the period leading up to the 2005 elections. Following the controversial election, when there were many instances of disproportionate violence by authorities, many journalists were arrested, alongside members of opposition parties, and tried for "outrages against the constitution" and other crimes, a number of them in absentia. Fines were also imposed on Ethiopian publishing houses.
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List of press agencies and printed newspapers
- Ethiopian Reporter
- Ethiopian News Network(Portal)
- Amharic News (currently only in English)
- Ethiopian Press Agency
- Ethiopian News Agency
- Capital Ethiopia
- Jimma Times
- Addis Admass
- Addis Fortune
- Ethiopian Business Review
- Addis Zemen
- The Ethiopian Herald
List of online news services
- Fana Broadcasting Corporate
- Walta Information Center
- Awramba Times
- Addis Standard
- Horn Affairs
- Addis Insight
- Nazret - Daily News from Ethiopia
- Ethiopia First
- Ethiomedia.com
- Ethiopian Review
- MediaETHIOPIA
- CyberEthiopia
- Addis Admass News
- Cyberzena
- EthioForum.org
- ECADF Ethiopian News
List of Television Channels
- EBC (Ethiopian Broadcasting Corporation)
- Addis TV
- EBC 3
- OBN ( formerly TV Oromiyaa)
- Amhara TV
- Harar TV
- Tigray TV
- ESTV
- Dire TV
- Debub TV
- EBS (Ethiopian Broadcasting Service)
- Kana Television
- JTV Ethiopia
- Nahoo TV
- ENN (Ethiopian News Network)
- LTV Ethiopia
- Walta TV
- Fana TV (Fana Broadcasting Corporate)
- EOTC TV ( Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church Television)
- Africa TV 1
- MO'AA TV
- Aleph TV
- ESAT TV (Ethiopian Satellite Television and Radio)
List of Radio Stations
- EBC Radio (Ethiopian National Radio)
- FM Addis
- Fana Radio
- Zami FM
- Sheger FM
- Besrat FM 104.1
- Afro FM (105.3)
- Ahadu FM 94.3
- Ethio FM 107.8
List of Video Hosting/Sharing Websites
- Dire Tube
- Yeneta Tube
- Yegna Tube
- Shire Tube
- EthioTube
- Sodere Tube
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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