There are two types of radio networks currently in use around the world: the one-to-many broadcast network commonly used for public information and mass media entertainment; and the two-way radio type used more commonly for public safety and public services such as police, fire, taxicabs, and delivery services. Cell Phones are able to send and receive simultaneously by using two different frequencies at the same time. Many of the same components and much of the same basic technology applies to all three.
The Two-way type of radio network shares many of the same technologies and components as the Broadcast type radio network but is generally set up with fixed broadcast points (transmitters) with co-located receivers and mobile receivers/transmitters or Transceivers. In this way both the fixed and mobile radio units can communicate with each other over broad geographic regions ranging in size from small single cities to entire states/provinces or countries. There are many ways in which multiple fixed transmit/receive sites can be interconnected to achieve the range of coverage required by the jurisdiction or authority implementing the system: conventional wireless links in numerous frequency bands, fibre-optic links, or micro-wave links. In all of these cases the signals are typically backhauled to a central switch of some type where the radio message is processed and resent (repeated) to all transmitter sites where it is required to be heard.
In contemporary two-way radio systems a concept called trunking is commonly used to achieve better efficiency of radio spectrum use and provide very wide-ranging coverage with no switching of channels required by the mobile radio user as it roams throughout the system coverage. Trunking of two-way radio is identical to the concept used for cellular phone systems where each fixed and mobile radio is specifically identified to the system Controller and its operation is switched by the controller. See also the entries Two-way radio and Trunked radio system to see more detail on how various types of radios and radio systems work.
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Broadcasting networks
The broadcast type of radio network is a network system which distributes programming to multiple stations simultaneously, or slightly delayed, for the purpose of extending total coverage beyond the limits of a single broadcast signal. The resulting expanded audience for radio programming or information essentially applies the benefits of mass-production to the broadcasting enterprise. A radio network has two sales departments, one to package and sell programs to radio stations, and one to sell the audience of those programs to advertisers.
Most radio networks also produce much of their programming. Originally, radio networks owned some or all of the stations that broadcast the network's radio format programming. Presently however, there are many networks that do not own any stations and only produce and/or distribute programming. Similarly station ownership does not always indicate network affiliation. A company might own stations in several different markets and purchase programming from a variety of networks.
Radio networks rose rapidly with the growth of regular broadcasting of radio to home listeners in the 1920s. This growth took various paths in different places. In Britain the BBC was developed with public funding, in the form of a broadcast receiver license, and a broadcasting monopoly in its early decades. In contrast, in the United States various competing commercial broadcasting networks arose funded by advertising revenue. In that instance, the same corporation that owned or operated the network often manufactured and marketed the listener's radio.
Major technical challenges to be overcome when distributing programs over long distances are maintaining signal quality and managing the number of switching/relay points in the signal chain. Early on, programs were sent to remote stations (either owned or affiliated) by various methods, including leased telephone lines, pre-recorded gramophone records and audio tape. The world's first all-radio, non-wireline network was claimed to be the Rural Radio Network, a group of six upstate New York FM stations that began operation in June 1948. Terrestrial microwave relay, a technology later introduced to link stations, has been largely supplanted by coaxial cable, fiber, and satellite, which usually offer superior cost-benefit ratios.
Many early radio networks evolved into Television networks.
Two Way Radio Sale Video
List of radio networks
Australia
Australian Broadcasting Corporation
Brazil
- Radio Jovem Pan
- Radio CBN
- Radio Bandeirantes
- BandNews FM
- MiliciaSat (catholic network)
- Radio Globo
- Transamérica Pop, Hits
Canada
- Canadian Broadcasting Corporation
- CBC Radio One
- CBC Radio 2
- CBC Radio 3
- Première Chaîne
- Espace musique
- Bande à part
- MBC Radio
- Corus Radio Network
- Énergie
- Rouge FM
- Rythme FM
- Sportsnet Radio
- TSN Radio
- CNR Radio Network (1923-1933)
- Canadian Radio Broadcasting Commission (1932-1936)
- Broadcasting Corporation of Newfoundland (1939-1949)
- Dominion Network (1944-1962)
- Trans-Canada Network (1944-1962)
- CKO (1977-1989)
- Pelmorex Radio Network (1990-1999)
- The Team (2001-2002)
- Aboriginal Voices Radio Network (2002-2016)
People's Republic of China
- China National Radio
- China Radio International
- Shanghai Media Group
India
- All India Radio (AIR)
- Vividh Bharati
- Radio City (91.1)
- Big FM (92.7)
- Radio One (94.3)
- Radio Mirchi (98.3)
- Red FM (93.5)
- Suryan FM (93.5)
- Hello FM (106.4)
- chaska (95.0)
- Fever 104
Indonesia
- Radio Republik Indonesia (RRI)
- Elshinta Radio
- Radio Sonora
Iran
- All Iranian radio (many ch.)
Ireland
- RTÉ Radio 1
- RTÉ 2fm
- RTÉ lyric fm
- RTÉ Raidió na Gaeltachta
- Today FM
Japan
- NHK Radio 1
- NHK Radio 2
- JRN
- NRN
- NHK FM
- JFN
- JFL
- MegaNet
Republic of Korea
- Korean Broadcasting System
- Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation
- Seoul Broadcasting System
New Zealand
Almost all radio stations in New Zealand are part of a radio network and most are network-owned.
- Radio New Zealand - State owned non commercial
- Radio New Zealand Concert
- Radio New Zealand National
- MediaWorks Radio - Commercial network of stations
- George FM
- Mai FM
- More FM - Local programming in most markets between 6am and 1pm.
- Radio Live
- The Breeze - Local in Wellington and Christchurch
- The Edge FM
- The Rock
- The Sound
- The Radio Network - Commercial network of stations
- Coast
- Flava
- Newstalk ZB
- Radio Hauraki
- Radio Sport
- The Hits - Local breakfast in some markets, Local 9am - 3pm in other markets.
- ZM
- Rhema Group
- Life FM
- New Zealand's Rhema
- Southern Star
- Maori Radio Network
Pakistan
- Radio Pakistan
- Radio Pakwafa
- Radio Bakwas
- Apna FM
- Hum FM
- City FM 89
- FM 98
- FM 103
- FM 105
Philippines
- ABS-CBN Broadcasting Corporation
- Advanced Media Broadcasting System
- Aliw Broadcasting Corporation
- Associated Broadcasting Company
- Audiovisual Communicators, Inc.
- Bombo Radyo Philippines
- Bicolandia Broadcasting Network
- Brainstone Broadcasting Inc.
- Catholic Media Network
- Christian Era Broadcasting Service
- Delta Broadcasting System, Inc.
- Eagle Broadcasting Corporation
- Empire Entertainment
- Far East Broadcasting Company
- FBS Radio Network Inc.
- GMA Network
- Intercontinental Broadcasting Corporation
- Manila Broadcasting Company
- Mareco Broadcasting Network
- Nation Broadcasting Corporation
- National Broadcasting System
- Palawan Broadcasting Corporation
- PBN Broadcasting Network
- Philippine Broadcasting Service
- Progressive Broadcasting Corporation
- Quest Broadcasting Inc.
- Radio Mindanao Network
- Radio Philippines Network
- Rajah Broadcasting Network
- Raven Broadcasting Corporation
- Real Radio Network Inc.
- RBN-BBC Broadcasting Corporation
- Regional Broadcasting Corporation
- Sonshine Media Network International
- Southern Broadcasting Network
- The Radio Partners, Inc.
- Vanguard Radio Network
- ZOE Broadcasting Network
Poland
- Public stations in Poland
- Polskie Radio
- Program 1 (Jedynka) - (news, current affairs, easy listening music, focused at listeners aged 40-64) - AM, FM, DAB+ and the internet
- Program 2 (Dwójka) - (Classical music, drama, comedy, literature) - FM, DAB+ and the internet
- Program 3 (Trójka) - (Rock, alternative, Middle of the Road, focused at listeners aged 25-49) - FM, DAB+ and the internet
- Program 4 (Czwórka) - (Dance, R&B, Reggae, Rap, Soul, focused at listeners aged 15-29) - FM, DAB+ and the internet
- Polskie Radio Dla Zagranicy - (external service in English, Ukrainian, Russian, Belarusian) - AM, FM, DAB+, satellite and the internet
- Rolskie Radio 24
- Polskie Radio Rytm
- Polskie Radio Regionalna
- Polskie Radio
- Non-commercial radio stations in Poland
- Radio Maryja (catholic)
- Radio Orthodoxia
- Radio Jutrzenka
- Commercial radio stations in Poland
- "Bauer Media Group" company:
- RMF FM - hot adult contemporary radio (Target Demographic 18-44) (nationwide)
- RMF MAXXX
- RMF Classic
- Radio GRA
- Eurozet
- Radio Zet - hot adult contemporary radio (Target Demographic 21-49) (nationwide)
- Radio Zet Gold
- Radio Zet Chillil
- Antyradio - rock and metal music (3 local stations)
- "Time" company:
- Radio Eska - contemporary hit radio (Target Demographic 13-29) (40 local stations)
- Eska Rock - mainly rock music (local station broadcasting in Warsaw)
- VOX FM - mostly Disco Polo
- Radio WAWA - only polish music (8 local stations)
- Joint project of Eurozet and "Time:"
- Radio Plus - upbeat oldies from the 1970s to 1990s (Target Demographic 40 and older) (18 local stations)
- "Agora" company:
- TOK FM - rolling news, talk, current affars
- Zlote Przeboje - mainly oldies music (Target Demographic 30-49) (22 local stations)
- Rock Radio - rock music (Target Demographic 18-39) (7 local stations)
- Blue FM - local station in Pozna?
- other:
- Muzo.fm - music and news stations
- Radio Kolor - local station in Warsaw
- Radio Alfa - local station in Kraków
- Radio Parada - local station in ?ód?
- Radio Kaszëbë - local station broadcasting in north-central Poland
- and over 100 other local stations
- "Bauer Media Group" company:
Turkey
- All Turkish radio
United Kingdom
- Bauer Radio
- British Broadcasting Corporation
- Capital FM Network
- Heart Network
- Real Radio
- XFM
United States
International
- Radio Rainbow International the voice of peace
- RadioBalkanNET
- United Nations Radio
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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